M A ENGLISH - SEMESTER I
INDIAN ENGLISH LITERATURE
[for those who joined from 2011onwards]
HOURS: 6 CREDITS: 5
SUBJECT CODE: DMEGE14
OBJECTIVES:
This paper will enable the students to acquire an elaborate knowledge into the various perspectives of Indian writing in English.
It will equip the students to develop into the challenging themes which await further research.
UNIT I
Poety (Detailed) [18 HOURS]
Ezekiel : “A Time to Change”
A.K. Ramanujan : “The Obituary”
Jayanta Mahapatra : “Exile”
R. Parthasarathy : “Rough Passage”
Daruwalla : “The Ghaghra in Spate”
Kamala Das : “An Introduction”
Gouri Deshpande : “Laying of Ghosts”
UNIT II
Drama (Detailed) [12 HOURS]
Girish Karnad : Hayavadana
Drama (General) [5 HOURS]
Asif Currimbhoy : Inquilab
Mahesh Dattani : Tara
UNIT III
Prose (Detailed) [12 HOURS]
Abdul Kalam : “Ignited Mind”
Nayantara Sahgal : “A Day with Pandit Nehru”
Prose (General) [5 HOURS]
Nirad C. Chaudhuri : “A Labour of Love”
V. S. Srinivasa Sastri : “The Women of India”
UNIT IV
Fiction [20 HOURS]
Arvind Adiga : The White Tiger
Arundhati Roy : The God of Small Things
R. K. Narayan : Swami and Friends
UNIT V
Short Stories [18 HOURS]
H. Nagaveni : “Seemantha”
Lalithambika Antherjanam : “Wooden Cradles”
C. S. Lakshmi : ‘Squirrel”
Paul Zacharia : “The Last Show”
*Short Stories: (from Short Fiction from South India by Subashree Krishnaswamy & K. Srilatha.
References:
1. Adiga , Aravind. The White Tiger. Harper Collins Publishers: India, 2008
2. Dhawan,K.R. Indian Women Novelist. Mehra offset Press: NewDelhi,1981.
3. Kumar, Nand. Indian English Drama : A Study in Myths. Sarup & Sons: NewDelhi,2003
4. Singh,Dinesh,Kanwar.A New Explorations in Indian English Poetry. Sarup & Sons: NewDelhi, 2003
5. Bhargawa, Rajul. Indian Writing in English - The Last Decade. Rawat Publications: NewDelhi, 2002
Wednesday, September 14, 2011
MY SUBJECT SYLLABUS - 2011-12 - ODD SEM - NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH
NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH
[for those who joined in 2008-2009 and after]
HOURS: 7 CREDITS: 5
CMEGC31
OBJECTIVE
To familiarize the students with the literature from other English speaking countries. To introduce them to various literary and cultural traditions that has influenced many creative works in English language. Works of major writers from Commonwealth countries are prescribed
UNIT I [20HOURS]
POETRY
Woman to Man - Judith Wright
Gods Can Die - Edwin Thumboo
The Mystic Drum - Gabriel Okara
My Daughter’s Boy Friend - Razia Khan
The Postman - Gordon Challis
UNIT II [21 HOURS]
DRAMA
Blood Relations - Sharon Pallock
UNIT III [10 HOURS]
PROSE
The Nature of Individual and
his Fulfillment - Chinua Achebe
UNIT IV [27 HOURS]
FICTION
Ice- Candy Man - Bapsi Sidhwa
UNIT V [27 HOURS]
FICTION
Cry, The Beloved Country - Alan Paton
REFERENCE:
The Novels of Bapsi Sidhwa, R.K. Dhawan and Kapadia Novy,(Ed.)
An Anthology of Common Wealth Literature-C.D.Narasimhahiah(Ed)
Post Colonial Literatures in English-Dennis Walder
Readings in Commonwealth Literature- William Walsh
WEBSITES
www.questia.com/library/literature/literature-of-specific-countries/british-literature/commonwealth-literature.jsp
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations
www.librarything.com/subject.php?subject=Commonwealth+literature+(English)
www.bagchee.com/books.php?id=38917
cfp.english.upenn.edu/archive/Postcolonial/0662.html
[for those who joined in 2008-2009 and after]
HOURS: 7 CREDITS: 5
CMEGC31
OBJECTIVE
To familiarize the students with the literature from other English speaking countries. To introduce them to various literary and cultural traditions that has influenced many creative works in English language. Works of major writers from Commonwealth countries are prescribed
UNIT I [20HOURS]
POETRY
Woman to Man - Judith Wright
Gods Can Die - Edwin Thumboo
The Mystic Drum - Gabriel Okara
My Daughter’s Boy Friend - Razia Khan
The Postman - Gordon Challis
UNIT II [21 HOURS]
DRAMA
Blood Relations - Sharon Pallock
UNIT III [10 HOURS]
PROSE
The Nature of Individual and
his Fulfillment - Chinua Achebe
UNIT IV [27 HOURS]
FICTION
Ice- Candy Man - Bapsi Sidhwa
UNIT V [27 HOURS]
FICTION
Cry, The Beloved Country - Alan Paton
REFERENCE:
The Novels of Bapsi Sidhwa, R.K. Dhawan and Kapadia Novy,(Ed.)
An Anthology of Common Wealth Literature-C.D.Narasimhahiah(Ed)
Post Colonial Literatures in English-Dennis Walder
Readings in Commonwealth Literature- William Walsh
WEBSITES
www.questia.com/library/literature/literature-of-specific-countries/british-literature/commonwealth-literature.jsp
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations
www.librarything.com/subject.php?subject=Commonwealth+literature+(English)
www.bagchee.com/books.php?id=38917
cfp.english.upenn.edu/archive/Postcolonial/0662.html
MY SUBJECT SYLLABUS - 2011-12 - ODD SEM - LITERARY CRITICISM
SEMESTER V
LITERARY CRITICISM
[for those who joined in 2008-2009 and after]
HOURS: 5 CREDITS:4
CBEGC53
OBJECTIVE:
This Paper is intended to expose the students to the literary theories and have an idea of criticism. The students should also be able to analyse and critically appreciate a literary work with the standards set by the literary theories. The following approaches and the contributions of relevant critics are prescribed for the same.
UNIT I [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott - Introduction to Moralistic criticism
T.S. Eliot – Religion and Literature
UNIT II [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Psychological criticism
Sigmund Freud – Creative Writers and Day Dreaming
UNIT III [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Sociological criticism
George Bernard Shaw - A Study of the Bourgeois Superman
UNIT IV [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Archetypal criticism
Gillbert Murray - Hamlet and Orestes
UNIT V [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Formalistic Criticism
Cleanth Brooks - The Language of Paradox
REFERENCES:
Wilfred L. Guerin. Et. Al - A Handbook of critical Approaches to
Literature 4 th Edition
Scott, Wilbur ( e.d) - Five Approaches to Literary Criticism.
Prasad, B. - Introduction to literary criticism
Blamires, Harry - A History of Literary Criticism
WEBSITES
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_critcism-43k
42explore.com/litcrit.htm-645k
www.sdst.org/shs/library/whatislit.html-5k
LITERARY CRITICISM
[for those who joined in 2008-2009 and after]
HOURS: 5 CREDITS:4
CBEGC53
OBJECTIVE:
This Paper is intended to expose the students to the literary theories and have an idea of criticism. The students should also be able to analyse and critically appreciate a literary work with the standards set by the literary theories. The following approaches and the contributions of relevant critics are prescribed for the same.
UNIT I [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott - Introduction to Moralistic criticism
T.S. Eliot – Religion and Literature
UNIT II [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Psychological criticism
Sigmund Freud – Creative Writers and Day Dreaming
UNIT III [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Sociological criticism
George Bernard Shaw - A Study of the Bourgeois Superman
UNIT IV [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Archetypal criticism
Gillbert Murray - Hamlet and Orestes
UNIT V [15 HOURS]
Wilbur Scott- Introduction to Formalistic Criticism
Cleanth Brooks - The Language of Paradox
REFERENCES:
Wilfred L. Guerin. Et. Al - A Handbook of critical Approaches to
Literature 4 th Edition
Scott, Wilbur ( e.d) - Five Approaches to Literary Criticism.
Prasad, B. - Introduction to literary criticism
Blamires, Harry - A History of Literary Criticism
WEBSITES
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_critcism-43k
42explore.com/litcrit.htm-645k
www.sdst.org/shs/library/whatislit.html-5k
Tuesday, September 13, 2011
List of Vocabulary
Food
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Food.
Food - Condition
fresh
off
past its sell-by date
raw
ripe
rotten
tough
undercooked
unripe
overcooked
Food - Verbs
bake
boil
cook
fry
grill
heat
microwave
poach
roast
steam
stew
Food - Quantities
bar
liter
loaf
lump
piece
pint
portion
slice
spoonful
Food - Taste
bitter
bland
creamy
crisp
crunchy
hot
mild
salty
savory
sickly
sour
spicy
stodgy
sweet
tasteless
Food - Types
barbecue
buffet
four-course meal
picnic
snack
TV dinner
Food - Eating and Drinking
bite
chew
swallow
sip
Food - Preparing Drinks
add
fill
mix
pour
shake
stir
Food - Other Related Words
crumbs
fast food
(non)-fattening
helping
pastry
slimming
sticky
Vocabulary Word Groups - The Body
The words below are the most important words used when talking about all things related to the body. At the end of each group of words you will find a link to a page which has further Example Sentences and Definitions concerning that word group. Another link leads to the list with a pronunciation RealPlayer file for the correct pronunciation (standard North American accent) of the words.
The Body - Arms and Hands
elbow
finger
index finger / middle / little / ring
finger nail
fist
forearm
hand / left and right
palm
thumb
wrist
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - Heads and Shoulders
chin
cheek
ear
eye
eyebrow
eyelash
forehead
hair
head
lip
mouth
neck
nose
nostril
jaw
shoulder
tooth (teeth)
tongue
throat
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - Legs and Feet
ankle
calf
foot (feet)
heel
hips
knee
leg
shin
thigh
toe
big toe little toe
toenail
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - The Trunk or Torso
bottom
chest
back
stomach
waist
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
Words Related to All Parts of the Body
blood
bone
hair
muscle
skin
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - Verbs Used with Different Parts of the Body
blink eyes
glance eyes
stare eyes
wink eye
point finger
scratch finger
kick foot
clap hands
punch hands
shake hands
slap hands
smack hands
nod head
shake head
kiss lips
whistle lips / mouth
eat mouth
mutter mouth
talk mouth
taste mouth
whisper mouth
breathe mouth / nose
smell nose
sniff nose
shrug shoulders
bite mouth
chew mouth
stub toe
lick tongue
swallow throat
Education
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Education.
Education - Subjects
archaeology
art
business studies
dance
drama
economics
games (sport)
geography
geology
history
home economics
foreign (modern) languages
math
mathematics
music
physical education
psychology
religious education
science
biology
chemistry
botany
physics
sociology
technology
Education - Exams
cheat
examine
examiner
examination
fail
get through
pass
take / sit an exam
retake
revise for
study for
test
Education - Qualifications
certificate
degree
BA
MA
B.Sc.
M.sc.
Ph.D.
diploma
Education - People
graduate
head-teacher
infant
lecturer
pupil
schoolboy
schoolgirl
student
teacher
instructor
undergraduate
Education - General
educate
education
educator
qualification
qualify
revise
revision
Clothes
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Clothes. Words that are used only for women are marked with a 'w', words that are only used for men are marked with a 'm'.
Clothes - General
anorak
belt
blouse w
cardigan
dress w
gloves
jacket
jeans
jumper
overalls
overcoat
pullover
raincoat
scarf
shirt
sweat-shirt
T-shirt
tie
skirt w
mini-skirt w
shorts
socks
suit
sweater
trousers
Clothes - Sportswear
jogging suit
tracksuit
bikini w
swimming costume /swimming-suit w
swimming trunks m
Clothes - Footwear
boots
sandals
slippers
shoes
trainers
sneakers
Clothes - Underwear
bra w
knickers w
panties w
pants
tights w
vest
Clothes - Headgear
beret
cap
hat
helmet
Clothes - Natural Materials
cotton
denim
leather
linen
rubber
silk
suede
wool
woolen
Clothes - Artificial Materials
plastic
nylon
polyester
Clothes - Fashion
designer
fashion
fashionable
fashion-conscious
trend
trendy
unfashionable
Clothes - Patterns
check
checked
flowery
patterned
plain
spot
spotted
stripe
striped
tartan
Clothes - Other Related Words
contact lenses
earrings
glasses
hairband
jewelry
ring
Entertainment
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about entertainment.
Entertainment - People
actor
actress
artist
audience
backing group
ballerina
choreographer
cast
composer
conductor
dancer
director
drummer
guitarist (lead / bass)
magician
musician
orchestra
painter
pianist
playwright
producer
saxophonist
sculptor
singer
vocalist
violinist
Entertainment - Arts and Crafts
carving
drawing
knitting
painting
pottery
sculpture
sewing
Entertainment - Artistic Events
ballet
concert
exhibition
film
play
opera
Entertainment - Inside the Theater
aisle
box
circle
curtain
footlight
gallery
lighting
microphone
orchestra pit
row
screen
scenery
set
speaker
stage
stalls
wings
workshop
Entertainment - Places
art gallery
cinema
concert hall
exhibition center
museum
opera house
stadium
theater
Entertainment - Verbs
applaud
boo
conduct
exhibit
perform
play (a part)
Money
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Money.
Money - Banking
account
bank statement
bankrupt
borrow
budget
cash
cashier
check
traveler's check
credit (card)
currency
debt
deposit
exchange rate
interest (rate)
invest
investment
lend
loan
mortgage
owe
pay
save
savings
shares
withdraw
Money - Buying
bargain
bill
cost
expense
installments
price
purchase
purse
receipt
reduction
refund
spend
wallet
Money - Earning
bonus
earn
earnings
income
gross income
net income
rise
salary
wage
Money - Giving
collection
donate
donation
fee
fine
grant
income tax
inherit
inheritance
pension
pocket money
rent
scholarship
tip
winnings
Money - Verbs
add up
go up / down
make ends meet
pay back
pay into
put down
put towards
run out
save up
take out
Money - Other Related Words
profit
property
valuable
value
waste of money
wealth
worth
worthless
Money - Related Adjectives
affluent
broke
generous
hard-up
mean
poor
prosperous
rich
stingy
wealthy
well off
Senses
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Senses.
Senses - Senses
hearing
sight
smell
taste
touch
Senses - Verbs
catch a glimpse
glance
glimpse
hear
listen
look at
notice
observe
scan
see
stare
watch
Senses - Other Related Words
(color) blind
deaf
eyesight
hard of hearing
short- / long- sighted
Travel
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Travel.
Travel - Air
airport
check-in
fly
land
landing
plane
take off
Travel - General Related Words
destination
journey
passenger
route
travel
travel agent
trip
Travel - Holidays
camp
go camping
charger flight
cruise
excursion
(youth) hostel
hotel
luggage
motel
package holiday
self-catering holiday
sightseeing
go sightseeing
suitcase
tour
tourism
tourist
vacation
Travel - Land
bicycle
bike
bus
bus station
car
coach
coach station
lane
motorbike
motorway
rail
go by rail
railway
railway station
road
main road
minor road
taxi
traffic
train
tube
underground
subway
Travel - Sea
boat
crossing
ferry
port
sail
sea
set sail
ship
voyage
Travel - Verbs
board (boat / plane)
go by
go on board
get on board
hitch-hike
set off
The Weather
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Weather.
The Weather - Describing the Weather
breeze
breezy
bright
clear
cloud
cloudy
damp
drizzle
drizzly
dry
dull
fog
foggy
hailstone
lightning
rain
raindrop
rainfall
rainy
shower
showery
snow
snowfall
snowflake
snowy
storm
stormy
sun
sunny
sunshine
thunder
wet
wind
windy
The Weather - The Temperature
chilly
cold
freezing
hot
mild
scorching
warm
The Weather - Verbs
glow
freeze
hail
pour (with ran)
rain
shine
snow
Sports
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Sports.
Sports - Equipment
gall
football
hockey ball
golf ball
bat
cue
golf club
hockey stick
ice-skates
racing car
racket
saddle
sailboard
skis
shuttle cock
surfboard
Sports - People
athlete
badminton player
basketball player
boxer
cyclist
diver
footballer /football player
golfer
gymnast
hockey player
jockey
ice-skater
racing driver
rider
rugby player
skater
skier
snooker player
squash player
surfer
swimmer
tennis player
volleyball player
weight-lifter
Sports - Places
circuit
court
course
gym
pitch
ring
rink
stadium
Sports - Names of Sports
athletics (do)
badminton (play)
basketball (play)
boxing
cycling
diving
football (play)
golf (play)
gymnastics (do)
hockey (play)
horse-racing
ice-skating
motor-racing
riding
rugby (play)
skiing
snooker (play)
squash (play)
surfing
swimming
tennis (play)
volleyball (play)
weightlifting
windsurfing
Sports - Related Words
amateur
ace
basket
captain
cup
game
goal
kit
match
medal
net
professional
race
record
referee
skill
spectators
team
whistle
Sports - Verbs
beat
box
catch
cycle
dive
draw
hit
kick
lose
miss
pass
pot
practice
race
ride
save
score (a point / a goal)
serve
shoot
skate
ski
swim
surf
tackle
train
throw
volley
win
The Mind
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the The Mind.
The Mind - Verbs
analyze
calculate
forget
infer
memorize
realize
recognize
remember
work out
The Mind - Adjectives
articulate
brainy
bright
gifted
imaginative
intelligent
The Mind - Other Related Words
brain
emotion
genius
idea
intellect
knowledge
logic
memory
mind
skill
talent
thought
virtuoso
People and Physical Characteristics
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about People and Physical Characteristics.
People and Physical Characteristics - Age
baby
toddler
child
teenager
young man / woman
youth
middle-aged (man / woman)
elderly (man / woman)
teens
early mid late
about
twentyish
thirty something
People and Physical Characteristics - Build
fat
overweight
slim
thin
skinny
plump
stocky
well built
People and Physical Characteristics - Complexion
fair
dark
olive
pale
tanned
clear
good
spotty
pimpled
freckles
spots
pimples
People and Physical Characteristics - Facial Features on Men
moustache
clean-shaven
beard
People and Physical Characteristics - Hair
long
short
medium length
shoulder length
black
fair
dark
red
gray
going gray
light brown
blond
white
curly
spiky
straight
wavy
bald
receding hairline
People and Physical Characteristics - Height
average height
above average
below average
petite
short
tall
Professions and Jobs
This is a list of the most common jobs and professions in English.
Professions and Jobs - People
accountant
actor
air steward
architect
assistant
personal assistant
shop assistant
author
baker
barman / barmaid / bar person
builder
businessman / businesswoman / executive
butcher
caretaker
chef
civil servant
clerk
computer operator / programmer
cook
decorator
dentist
designer
director
company director
film director
doctor
driver bus / taxi / train driver
garbageman (refuse collector)
economist
editor
electrician
engineer
farmer
fisherman
fishmonger
flight attendant
hairdresser
head teacher
jeweler
journalist
judge
lawyer
lecturer
manager
miner
musician
news reader / news presenter
nurse
optician
painter
photographer
pilot
plumber
police officer
politician
porter
printer
prison officer / warder
receptionist
sailor
salesman / saleswoman /salesperson
scientist
secretary
soldier
solicitor
surgeon
tailor
teacher
telephonist
telephone operator
travel agent
TV cameraman
TV presenter
vet
waiter
writer
Health and Healthcare
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Health and Healthcare.
Health and Healthcare - Illnesses
ache
ear ache
headache
stomach ache
toothache
cancer
cold
cough
flu
heart attack
heart disease
infection
infectious disease
pain
virus
Health and Healthcare - Minor Injuries
bruise
cut
graze
wound
Health and Healthcare - Treatment
bandage
check-up
dose (of medicine)
drugs
injection
give some an injection
medicine
take medicine
operation
pain-killer
pill
plaster
tablet
tranquilizer
Health and Healthcare - People
dentist
doctor
general practitioner
midwife
nurse
patient
specialist
surgeon
Health and Healthcare - Places
hospital
operating theatre
surgery
waiting room
ward
Health and Healthcare - Verbs
catch
cure
heal
hurt
injure
operate on
prescribe
prescription
treat
treatment
Health and Healthcare - Adjectives
fit
ill
sick
feel sick
be sick
vomit
healthy
unhealthy
painful
unwell
well
Environment
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Environment.
Environment - Important Issues
acid rain
aerosol
animal welfare
carbon monoxide
climate
conservation
endangered species
energy
nuclear energy
solar energy
exhaust fumes
fertilizers
forest fires
global warming
greenhouse effect
(non)-renewable resources
nuclear
nuclear fallout
nuclear reactor
oil-slick
ozone layer
pesticide
pollution
protected animal
rain forest
unleaded petrol
waste
nuclear waste
radio-active waste
wildlife
Environment - Natural Disasters
drought
earthquake
flood
tidal wave
typhoon
volcanic eruption
Environment - Politics
environmental group
green issues
pressure group
Environment - Verbs
cut down
destroy
dispose (of)
dump
protect
pollute
recycle
save
throw away
use up
Many verbs are used in continuous tenses. Here are some examples:
Present continuous - I'm working at the moment.
Past continuous - Jack was cooking dinner when I arrived.
Future continuous - I will be playing tennis this time tomorrow.
Present perfect continuous - She's been working her for three years.
Generally, continuous (or progressive) tenses are used to describe what is happening at a particular moment in time. The focus when using continuous tenses is always on an action in progress. However, there are some important exceptions to using continuous tenses. Most importantly, there are a number of common non-continuous verbs that are never or rarely used with continuous forms. These verbs fall into a few categories:
Mental and Emotional States
believe
dislike
doubt
imagine
know
like
love
hate
prefer
realize
recognize
remember
suppose
understand
want
wish
Examples
She dislikes that boy. NOT She is disliking that boy.
Jack prefers going out for dinner tonight. NOT Jack is preferring going out for dinner tonight.
I recognize you! NOT I'm recognizing you!
Sense
appear
hear
see
seem
smell
sound
taste
Examples
I saw him when the train arrived. NOT I was seeing him when the train arrived.
It tastes strange. NOT It is tasting strange.
Did you hear that? NOT Were you hearing that?
Communication
agree
astonish
deny
disagree
impress
mean
please
promise
satisfy
surprise
Examples
You astonish me! NOT You are astonishing me!
I'm afraid I disagree with you. NOT I'm afraid I am disagreeing with you.
I meant to tell him yesterday afternoon. NOT I was meaning to tell him yesterday afternoon.
Other States
be
belong
concern
consist
contain
cost
depend
deserve
fit
include
involve
lack
matter
need
owe
own
possess
Examples
It depends on how much it costs. NOT It is depending on how much it is costing.
She said it involved a lot of work. NOT She said it was involving a lot of work.
It doesn't matter. NOT It isn't mattering.
There are also a number of verbs that don't take the continuous forms in one meaning but DO take the continuous forms in other meanings. Here are some of the most important:
Non-Continuous Meanings
feel = 'have an opinion' - He feels he should get a second chance.
see = 'understand' - I see what you mean.
think = 'have an opinion' - I think we should leave immediately.
appear = 'look like' - That appears to be stale.
look = 'seem' - It looks impossible!
taste = 'have a taste' - That tastes yummy!
Continuous Meanings
feel = 'feel physically' - I'm feeling awful this afternoon.
see = 'visit' - She's seeing a doctor this morning.
think = 'use the brain' - He's thinking hard about the problem.
appear = 'be on stage / perform' - Jack Daniels is performing at the Paramount tonight.
look = 'stare at' - I'm looking at that strange man.
taste = 'use the mouth' - The cook is tasting the sauce!
Courtesy - Net
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Food.
Food - Condition
fresh
off
past its sell-by date
raw
ripe
rotten
tough
undercooked
unripe
overcooked
Food - Verbs
bake
boil
cook
fry
grill
heat
microwave
poach
roast
steam
stew
Food - Quantities
bar
liter
loaf
lump
piece
pint
portion
slice
spoonful
Food - Taste
bitter
bland
creamy
crisp
crunchy
hot
mild
salty
savory
sickly
sour
spicy
stodgy
sweet
tasteless
Food - Types
barbecue
buffet
four-course meal
picnic
snack
TV dinner
Food - Eating and Drinking
bite
chew
swallow
sip
Food - Preparing Drinks
add
fill
mix
pour
shake
stir
Food - Other Related Words
crumbs
fast food
(non)-fattening
helping
pastry
slimming
sticky
Vocabulary Word Groups - The Body
The words below are the most important words used when talking about all things related to the body. At the end of each group of words you will find a link to a page which has further Example Sentences and Definitions concerning that word group. Another link leads to the list with a pronunciation RealPlayer file for the correct pronunciation (standard North American accent) of the words.
The Body - Arms and Hands
elbow
finger
index finger / middle / little / ring
finger nail
fist
forearm
hand / left and right
palm
thumb
wrist
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - Heads and Shoulders
chin
cheek
ear
eye
eyebrow
eyelash
forehead
hair
head
lip
mouth
neck
nose
nostril
jaw
shoulder
tooth (teeth)
tongue
throat
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - Legs and Feet
ankle
calf
foot (feet)
heel
hips
knee
leg
shin
thigh
toe
big toe little toe
toenail
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - The Trunk or Torso
bottom
chest
back
stomach
waist
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
Words Related to All Parts of the Body
blood
bone
hair
muscle
skin
Pronunciation Examples of these Words File
Example Sentences and Definitions
The Body - Verbs Used with Different Parts of the Body
blink eyes
glance eyes
stare eyes
wink eye
point finger
scratch finger
kick foot
clap hands
punch hands
shake hands
slap hands
smack hands
nod head
shake head
kiss lips
whistle lips / mouth
eat mouth
mutter mouth
talk mouth
taste mouth
whisper mouth
breathe mouth / nose
smell nose
sniff nose
shrug shoulders
bite mouth
chew mouth
stub toe
lick tongue
swallow throat
Education
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Education.
Education - Subjects
archaeology
art
business studies
dance
drama
economics
games (sport)
geography
geology
history
home economics
foreign (modern) languages
math
mathematics
music
physical education
psychology
religious education
science
biology
chemistry
botany
physics
sociology
technology
Education - Exams
cheat
examine
examiner
examination
fail
get through
pass
take / sit an exam
retake
revise for
study for
test
Education - Qualifications
certificate
degree
BA
MA
B.Sc.
M.sc.
Ph.D.
diploma
Education - People
graduate
head-teacher
infant
lecturer
pupil
schoolboy
schoolgirl
student
teacher
instructor
undergraduate
Education - General
educate
education
educator
qualification
qualify
revise
revision
Clothes
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Clothes. Words that are used only for women are marked with a 'w', words that are only used for men are marked with a 'm'.
Clothes - General
anorak
belt
blouse w
cardigan
dress w
gloves
jacket
jeans
jumper
overalls
overcoat
pullover
raincoat
scarf
shirt
sweat-shirt
T-shirt
tie
skirt w
mini-skirt w
shorts
socks
suit
sweater
trousers
Clothes - Sportswear
jogging suit
tracksuit
bikini w
swimming costume /swimming-suit w
swimming trunks m
Clothes - Footwear
boots
sandals
slippers
shoes
trainers
sneakers
Clothes - Underwear
bra w
knickers w
panties w
pants
tights w
vest
Clothes - Headgear
beret
cap
hat
helmet
Clothes - Natural Materials
cotton
denim
leather
linen
rubber
silk
suede
wool
woolen
Clothes - Artificial Materials
plastic
nylon
polyester
Clothes - Fashion
designer
fashion
fashionable
fashion-conscious
trend
trendy
unfashionable
Clothes - Patterns
check
checked
flowery
patterned
plain
spot
spotted
stripe
striped
tartan
Clothes - Other Related Words
contact lenses
earrings
glasses
hairband
jewelry
ring
Entertainment
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about entertainment.
Entertainment - People
actor
actress
artist
audience
backing group
ballerina
choreographer
cast
composer
conductor
dancer
director
drummer
guitarist (lead / bass)
magician
musician
orchestra
painter
pianist
playwright
producer
saxophonist
sculptor
singer
vocalist
violinist
Entertainment - Arts and Crafts
carving
drawing
knitting
painting
pottery
sculpture
sewing
Entertainment - Artistic Events
ballet
concert
exhibition
film
play
opera
Entertainment - Inside the Theater
aisle
box
circle
curtain
footlight
gallery
lighting
microphone
orchestra pit
row
screen
scenery
set
speaker
stage
stalls
wings
workshop
Entertainment - Places
art gallery
cinema
concert hall
exhibition center
museum
opera house
stadium
theater
Entertainment - Verbs
applaud
boo
conduct
exhibit
perform
play (a part)
Money
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Money.
Money - Banking
account
bank statement
bankrupt
borrow
budget
cash
cashier
check
traveler's check
credit (card)
currency
debt
deposit
exchange rate
interest (rate)
invest
investment
lend
loan
mortgage
owe
pay
save
savings
shares
withdraw
Money - Buying
bargain
bill
cost
expense
installments
price
purchase
purse
receipt
reduction
refund
spend
wallet
Money - Earning
bonus
earn
earnings
income
gross income
net income
rise
salary
wage
Money - Giving
collection
donate
donation
fee
fine
grant
income tax
inherit
inheritance
pension
pocket money
rent
scholarship
tip
winnings
Money - Verbs
add up
go up / down
make ends meet
pay back
pay into
put down
put towards
run out
save up
take out
Money - Other Related Words
profit
property
valuable
value
waste of money
wealth
worth
worthless
Money - Related Adjectives
affluent
broke
generous
hard-up
mean
poor
prosperous
rich
stingy
wealthy
well off
Senses
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Senses.
Senses - Senses
hearing
sight
smell
taste
touch
Senses - Verbs
catch a glimpse
glance
glimpse
hear
listen
look at
notice
observe
scan
see
stare
watch
Senses - Other Related Words
(color) blind
deaf
eyesight
hard of hearing
short- / long- sighted
Travel
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Travel.
Travel - Air
airport
check-in
fly
land
landing
plane
take off
Travel - General Related Words
destination
journey
passenger
route
travel
travel agent
trip
Travel - Holidays
camp
go camping
charger flight
cruise
excursion
(youth) hostel
hotel
luggage
motel
package holiday
self-catering holiday
sightseeing
go sightseeing
suitcase
tour
tourism
tourist
vacation
Travel - Land
bicycle
bike
bus
bus station
car
coach
coach station
lane
motorbike
motorway
rail
go by rail
railway
railway station
road
main road
minor road
taxi
traffic
train
tube
underground
subway
Travel - Sea
boat
crossing
ferry
port
sail
sea
set sail
ship
voyage
Travel - Verbs
board (boat / plane)
go by
go on board
get on board
hitch-hike
set off
The Weather
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Weather.
The Weather - Describing the Weather
breeze
breezy
bright
clear
cloud
cloudy
damp
drizzle
drizzly
dry
dull
fog
foggy
hailstone
lightning
rain
raindrop
rainfall
rainy
shower
showery
snow
snowfall
snowflake
snowy
storm
stormy
sun
sunny
sunshine
thunder
wet
wind
windy
The Weather - The Temperature
chilly
cold
freezing
hot
mild
scorching
warm
The Weather - Verbs
glow
freeze
hail
pour (with ran)
rain
shine
snow
Sports
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about Sports.
Sports - Equipment
gall
football
hockey ball
golf ball
bat
cue
golf club
hockey stick
ice-skates
racing car
racket
saddle
sailboard
skis
shuttle cock
surfboard
Sports - People
athlete
badminton player
basketball player
boxer
cyclist
diver
footballer /football player
golfer
gymnast
hockey player
jockey
ice-skater
racing driver
rider
rugby player
skater
skier
snooker player
squash player
surfer
swimmer
tennis player
volleyball player
weight-lifter
Sports - Places
circuit
court
course
gym
pitch
ring
rink
stadium
Sports - Names of Sports
athletics (do)
badminton (play)
basketball (play)
boxing
cycling
diving
football (play)
golf (play)
gymnastics (do)
hockey (play)
horse-racing
ice-skating
motor-racing
riding
rugby (play)
skiing
snooker (play)
squash (play)
surfing
swimming
tennis (play)
volleyball (play)
weightlifting
windsurfing
Sports - Related Words
amateur
ace
basket
captain
cup
game
goal
kit
match
medal
net
professional
race
record
referee
skill
spectators
team
whistle
Sports - Verbs
beat
box
catch
cycle
dive
draw
hit
kick
lose
miss
pass
pot
practice
race
ride
save
score (a point / a goal)
serve
shoot
skate
ski
swim
surf
tackle
train
throw
volley
win
The Mind
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the The Mind.
The Mind - Verbs
analyze
calculate
forget
infer
memorize
realize
recognize
remember
work out
The Mind - Adjectives
articulate
brainy
bright
gifted
imaginative
intelligent
The Mind - Other Related Words
brain
emotion
genius
idea
intellect
knowledge
logic
memory
mind
skill
talent
thought
virtuoso
People and Physical Characteristics
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about People and Physical Characteristics.
People and Physical Characteristics - Age
baby
toddler
child
teenager
young man / woman
youth
middle-aged (man / woman)
elderly (man / woman)
teens
early mid late
about
twentyish
thirty something
People and Physical Characteristics - Build
fat
overweight
slim
thin
skinny
plump
stocky
well built
People and Physical Characteristics - Complexion
fair
dark
olive
pale
tanned
clear
good
spotty
pimpled
freckles
spots
pimples
People and Physical Characteristics - Facial Features on Men
moustache
clean-shaven
beard
People and Physical Characteristics - Hair
long
short
medium length
shoulder length
black
fair
dark
red
gray
going gray
light brown
blond
white
curly
spiky
straight
wavy
bald
receding hairline
People and Physical Characteristics - Height
average height
above average
below average
petite
short
tall
Professions and Jobs
This is a list of the most common jobs and professions in English.
Professions and Jobs - People
accountant
actor
air steward
architect
assistant
personal assistant
shop assistant
author
baker
barman / barmaid / bar person
builder
businessman / businesswoman / executive
butcher
caretaker
chef
civil servant
clerk
computer operator / programmer
cook
decorator
dentist
designer
director
company director
film director
doctor
driver bus / taxi / train driver
garbageman (refuse collector)
economist
editor
electrician
engineer
farmer
fisherman
fishmonger
flight attendant
hairdresser
head teacher
jeweler
journalist
judge
lawyer
lecturer
manager
miner
musician
news reader / news presenter
nurse
optician
painter
photographer
pilot
plumber
police officer
politician
porter
printer
prison officer / warder
receptionist
sailor
salesman / saleswoman /salesperson
scientist
secretary
soldier
solicitor
surgeon
tailor
teacher
telephonist
telephone operator
travel agent
TV cameraman
TV presenter
vet
waiter
writer
Health and Healthcare
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Health and Healthcare.
Health and Healthcare - Illnesses
ache
ear ache
headache
stomach ache
toothache
cancer
cold
cough
flu
heart attack
heart disease
infection
infectious disease
pain
virus
Health and Healthcare - Minor Injuries
bruise
cut
graze
wound
Health and Healthcare - Treatment
bandage
check-up
dose (of medicine)
drugs
injection
give some an injection
medicine
take medicine
operation
pain-killer
pill
plaster
tablet
tranquilizer
Health and Healthcare - People
dentist
doctor
general practitioner
midwife
nurse
patient
specialist
surgeon
Health and Healthcare - Places
hospital
operating theatre
surgery
waiting room
ward
Health and Healthcare - Verbs
catch
cure
heal
hurt
injure
operate on
prescribe
prescription
treat
treatment
Health and Healthcare - Adjectives
fit
ill
sick
feel sick
be sick
vomit
healthy
unhealthy
painful
unwell
well
Environment
The words below are some of the most important used when talking about the Environment.
Environment - Important Issues
acid rain
aerosol
animal welfare
carbon monoxide
climate
conservation
endangered species
energy
nuclear energy
solar energy
exhaust fumes
fertilizers
forest fires
global warming
greenhouse effect
(non)-renewable resources
nuclear
nuclear fallout
nuclear reactor
oil-slick
ozone layer
pesticide
pollution
protected animal
rain forest
unleaded petrol
waste
nuclear waste
radio-active waste
wildlife
Environment - Natural Disasters
drought
earthquake
flood
tidal wave
typhoon
volcanic eruption
Environment - Politics
environmental group
green issues
pressure group
Environment - Verbs
cut down
destroy
dispose (of)
dump
protect
pollute
recycle
save
throw away
use up
Many verbs are used in continuous tenses. Here are some examples:
Present continuous - I'm working at the moment.
Past continuous - Jack was cooking dinner when I arrived.
Future continuous - I will be playing tennis this time tomorrow.
Present perfect continuous - She's been working her for three years.
Generally, continuous (or progressive) tenses are used to describe what is happening at a particular moment in time. The focus when using continuous tenses is always on an action in progress. However, there are some important exceptions to using continuous tenses. Most importantly, there are a number of common non-continuous verbs that are never or rarely used with continuous forms. These verbs fall into a few categories:
Mental and Emotional States
believe
dislike
doubt
imagine
know
like
love
hate
prefer
realize
recognize
remember
suppose
understand
want
wish
Examples
She dislikes that boy. NOT She is disliking that boy.
Jack prefers going out for dinner tonight. NOT Jack is preferring going out for dinner tonight.
I recognize you! NOT I'm recognizing you!
Sense
appear
hear
see
seem
smell
sound
taste
Examples
I saw him when the train arrived. NOT I was seeing him when the train arrived.
It tastes strange. NOT It is tasting strange.
Did you hear that? NOT Were you hearing that?
Communication
agree
astonish
deny
disagree
impress
mean
please
promise
satisfy
surprise
Examples
You astonish me! NOT You are astonishing me!
I'm afraid I disagree with you. NOT I'm afraid I am disagreeing with you.
I meant to tell him yesterday afternoon. NOT I was meaning to tell him yesterday afternoon.
Other States
be
belong
concern
consist
contain
cost
depend
deserve
fit
include
involve
lack
matter
need
owe
own
possess
Examples
It depends on how much it costs. NOT It is depending on how much it is costing.
She said it involved a lot of work. NOT She said it was involving a lot of work.
It doesn't matter. NOT It isn't mattering.
There are also a number of verbs that don't take the continuous forms in one meaning but DO take the continuous forms in other meanings. Here are some of the most important:
Non-Continuous Meanings
feel = 'have an opinion' - He feels he should get a second chance.
see = 'understand' - I see what you mean.
think = 'have an opinion' - I think we should leave immediately.
appear = 'look like' - That appears to be stale.
look = 'seem' - It looks impossible!
taste = 'have a taste' - That tastes yummy!
Continuous Meanings
feel = 'feel physically' - I'm feeling awful this afternoon.
see = 'visit' - She's seeing a doctor this morning.
think = 'use the brain' - He's thinking hard about the problem.
appear = 'be on stage / perform' - Jack Daniels is performing at the Paramount tonight.
look = 'stare at' - I'm looking at that strange man.
taste = 'use the mouth' - The cook is tasting the sauce!
Courtesy - Net
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